The practice of designing websites that can be used by everyone, including people with visual, auditory, motor, or cognitive disabilities. Beyond being ethically important, accessibility improves SEO, expands your audience, and is legally required in many jurisdictions. Key practices include proper heading structure, alt text for images, sufficient color contrast, and navigationkeyboard navigation support.

The ability to navigate and interact with a website using only keyboard controls, essential for accessibility. Test tab order, focus visibility, and keyboard-activated interactions to ensure full functionality. Many users rely on keyboard navigation due to motor disabilities or preference.

Assistive software that converts on-screen content into speech or braille for people with visual impairments. Good screen-reader support requires htmlsemantic HTML, proper heading structure, and clear labels. Testing with screen readers helps catch accessibility issues early.

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines—international standards defining how to make web content accessible to people with disabilities. WCAG compliance is increasingly required legally and expands your potential audience. Aim for at least WCAG 2.1 AA conformance.

Inclusion is a design principle focused on creating experiences that are welcoming, usable, and respectful for diverse users and contexts.